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气象:2010,36(1):59-65
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2006年春季我国沙尘天气特征及成因分析
(1.国家气象中心,北京 100081;2.国家气候中心,北京 100081)
Characteristics of Sand and Dust Weather in China and Cause Analysis in the Spring of 2006
(1.National Meteorological Center, Beijing  100081;2.National Climate Center, Beijing  100081)
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投稿时间:2008-11-05    修订日期:2009-07-17
中文摘要: 利用全国673个站每日8个时次的地面天气报告资料和T213模式产品,分析了2006 年春季我国沙尘天气的主要特征及其成因。结果表明:2006年沙尘暴、强沙尘暴范围偏大、 沙尘天气强度偏强;2006年春季我国北方沙尘天气过程(17次)偏多、强沙尘暴过程(5次 )是2000年以来最多的一年,其中2006年4月9—11日强沙尘暴天气过程的影响范围和强度为 20世纪90年代以来第三位;沙尘多发期长、结束晚。2006年春季北方大部地区气温偏高,致 使地表层解冻快,土质疏松;降水偏少,地表干土层增厚,为沙尘天气的发生提供了有利的 条件。2006年春季东亚大槽偏强,影响我国的冷空气活动较频繁且势力较强,蒙古气旋活动 频繁。前期偏暖少雨与冷空气和蒙古气旋的共同作用,是造成2006年春季我国沙尘强度明显 偏强且多发期结束晚的主要原因。
Abstract:The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of sand and dust weather in China in the spring of 2006 are analyzed on the basis of the data fr om surface synoptic maps (8 times daily) and T213 model products. The results show that the intensity of sand and dust weather is strong in 2006. There are 17 major sand and dust weather processes, among them there are 5 severe sand and d ust storm processes, and the number of severe sand and dust storm processes in the spring of 2006 is the most since 2000. The severe sand and dust storm proces s from 9 to 11, April of 2006 ranks the third in influence area and intensity s ince 1990. The high frequency period tends to be longer and ends later. Further research shows: the temperature is higher and the precipitation is less in most parts of northern China in the spring of 2006, which causes the rapidly thawing of soil and much dry soil, respectively. They are favorable to the formation of sand and dust weather. The East Asia major trough is strong in the spring of 200 6 which causes the cold air to influence China more frequently and the intensity of cold air is strong; at the same time there are more Mongolian cyclones. The cooperation of cold air and Mongolian cyclone is the main reason for the strong sand and dust weather intensity in the spring of 2006.
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基金项目:国家气象中心预报团队课题
引用文本:
张金艳,李勇,蔡芗宁,邹旭恺,乔林,2010.2006年春季我国沙尘天气特征及成因分析[J].气象,36(1):59-65.
ZHANG Jinyan,LI Yong,CAI Xiangning,ZOU Xukai,QIAO Lin,2010.Characteristics of Sand and Dust Weather in China and Cause Analysis in the Spring of 2006[J].Meteor Mon,36(1):59-65.