西藏地区气温、降水及相对湿度的趋势分析

徐宗学; 张玲; 黄俊雄; 巩同梁

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DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2007.07.010

气象:2007,33(7):82-88

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西藏地区气温、降水及相对湿度的趋势分析

徐宗学¹, 张玲¹, 黄俊雄¹, 巩同梁^1,2

(1.北京师范大学水科学研究院，水沙科学教育部重点实验室，北京 100875;2.西藏自治区水利规划勘测设计研究院)

Long term Trend of Temperature, Precipitation and Relative Humidity in the Tibetan Region

Xu Zongxue¹, Zhang Ling¹, Huang Junxiong¹, Gong Tongliang²

(1.Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;2.Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, Ins titute of Water Conservancy Planning and Design Research, Tibetan Autonomous Reg ion)

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投稿时间：2007-01-15 修订日期：2007-03-31

中文摘要: 采用非参数统计检验方法（Mann Kendall法）对西藏地区25个气象站1960—2001 年的气温、降水和相对湿度3个气候要素的长期变化趋势进行了分析。结果表明：近42年来西藏地区气候表现出向暖湿型发展的趋势，即有气温逐渐升高、降雨量和相对湿度逐渐增加的趋势；西藏地区的暖湿现象主要发生在秋季，春季增幅小于秋季，夏季表现出一定的暖干趋势；冬季为明显增温，但湿度变化不明显。42年来西藏地区年平均气温、降水和相对湿度的 Kendall倾斜度值分别为0.31℃/10a、0.96mm/a和0.3%/10a。通过非参数检验分析可知，秋、冬两季气温的上升趋势相对较强，尤其是冬季增温最为显著；夏季降水呈减少趋势，其余季节均表现出不同程度的上升趋势；夏季存在减湿现象，而春、秋两季则表现出较明显的增湿现象。

中文关键词: 气温降水量相对湿度趋势

Abstract:The Tibetan Plateau is one of the best places to investigate global clim ate changes. Aridity or humidity of land surface has been paid more and more att ention by scientists and publics. On the basis of the mean annual air temperatur e, precipitation and relative humidity from 25 meteorological stations in the Ti betan Region from 1960 to 2001, the long term trend of major climatic variables was analyzed by using Mann Kendall test method. The results showed that the ai r temperature, precipitation and relative humidity all exhibited an increasing t endency, and the Mann Kendall slopes are 0.31℃/10a, 0.96mm/a and 0.3%/10a, res pectively during the past 42 years. Over the Tibetan Region, the increases in 〖 CM(18〗temperature and humidity occur mainly inautumn, also occurring in spring; increase of temperature and a little decreasing humidity happen in summer. The increase of temperature is remarkable but relative humidity shows no increasing tendency in winter. The Mann Kendall test results showed that the air temperature exhibited an increasing trend in f our seasons, especially in winter. Summer contributed the most for the decreasin g trend of annual precipitation. Precipitation in summer exhibited a decreasing tendency. Relative humidity showed a declining trend in summer as well.

keywords: Tibetan Region air temperature precipitation re lative humidity trend

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基金项目:本文得到国家科技攻关计划项目（2005BA901A11）和北京师范大学“京师学者”特聘教授启动经费资助。

作者	单位
徐宗学	北京师范大学水科学研究院，水沙科学教育部重点实验室，北京 100875
张玲	北京师范大学水科学研究院，水沙科学教育部重点实验室，北京 100875
黄俊雄	北京师范大学水科学研究院，水沙科学教育部重点实验室，北京 100875
巩同梁	北京师范大学水科学研究院，水沙科学教育部重点实验室，北京 100875；西藏自治区水利规划勘测设计研究院

引用文本：
徐宗学,张玲,黄俊雄,巩同梁,2007.西藏地区气温、降水及相对湿度的趋势分析[J].气象,33(7):82-88.
Xu Zongxue,Zhang Ling,Huang Junxiong,Gong Tongliang,2007.Long term Trend of Temperature, Precipitation and Relative Humidity in the Tibetan Region[J].Meteor Mon,33(7):82-88.

Author Name	Affiliation
Xu Zongxue	Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
Zhang Ling	Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
Huang Junxiong	Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
Gong Tongliang	Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, Ins titute of Water Conservancy Planning and Design Research, Tibetan Autonomous Reg ion