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投稿时间：2006-10-30 修订日期：2007-01-24
投稿时间：2006-10-30 修订日期：2007-01-24
中文摘要: 利用长江中下游地区（湖北、湖南、江苏、安徽、江西、浙江和上海）1960—2004年87个台
站汛期（5—9月）逐日降水资料，统计不同台站近45年逐年汛期极端降水量，运用E
OF、REOF、趋势分析及Morlet小波分析等方法进行了时空分布特征分析。结果表明：长江中
下游地区汛期极端降水量的平均空间差异较大；一致性异常特征是长江中下游地区汛期极端
降水量的最主要的空间模态，而南、北反向变化模态也是比较重要的；长江中下游地区汛期
极端降水量可分为两湖平原型、北方型、沿海型及南方型4个主要的空间分型；各主要空间
分区极端降水量的年际变化特征差异较大，但从长期变化趋势来看，除了东北部极少部分区
域外，其余区域汛期极端降水量均表现为增加趋势；另外近45年来长江中下游地区汛期极端
降水量各分区的周期振荡不完全一致。
Abstract:By using the 1960—2004 flood season (from May to September) daily prec
ipitation data of 87 stations in six provinces and one city in the mid lower re
aches of theYangtze River, with EOF, REOF, tendency analysis and Morlet wavelet a
nalysis, it is analyzed that the annual extreme precipitation of various station
s and its spatial distribution for the recent 45 years. The results show that th
e average spatial distributions of the extreme precipitation display clear
differences in flood season in the region. The consistently abnormal characteris
tic i
s the main spatial distribution mode of extreme precipitation in flood season in
the region, and it is also the important mode that the south and the north are
as are reverse change feature. The extreme precipitation of flood season is divi
ded into four spatial distribution types, i.e., the two lakes and plain type, th
e northern type, the coastland type and the southern type. The difference of the
interannual change is clear in every sub area and from the long range change
te
ndency to see, except the northeast of the region, the extreme precipitation sho
ws increasing tendency. For the recent 45 years, the periodic oscillations of th
e extreme precipitation are not well consistent in every distribution type.
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40405009、4057022)；国家重点基础研究发展规
划项目(2004CB418301)；江苏省气象灾害重点实验室项目(KLME050201)；江苏省自然科学基金项目
(BK2005141)
引用文本：
张文,寿绍文,杨金虎,2007.长江中下游地区汛期极端降水量的异常特征分析[J].气象,33(3):61-67.
Zhang Wen,Shou Shaowen,Yang Jinhu,2007.Analysis of Anomaly Characteristics of Extreme Precipitation in Flood Season in the Mid lower Reaches of theYangtze River[J].Meteor Mon,33(3):61-67.
张文,寿绍文,杨金虎,2007.长江中下游地区汛期极端降水量的异常特征分析[J].气象,33(3):61-67.
Zhang Wen,Shou Shaowen,Yang Jinhu,2007.Analysis of Anomaly Characteristics of Extreme Precipitation in Flood Season in the Mid lower Reaches of theYangtze River[J].Meteor Mon,33(3):61-67.