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中文摘要: 利用青海(黄)河湟(水)谷地12个气象台站1980～2002年自记降水资料，分析了该流域不同历时暴雨的时空特征及其不稳定性，统计了不同历时、不同频率的设计暴雨。研究表明:河湟谷地不同历时的最大暴雨均呈现出增多趋势，且随着降水历时的延长和降水量的增大，其倾向率在不断增大，年际变化的阶段性波动逐步趋缓，各时段最大暴雨的平均值的空间分布特征逐步与年降水量的空间分布趋于接近，地形对暴雨的空间分布影响明显;30分钟的最大暴雨最为不稳定，同时随着降水时段的延长，最大暴雨的稳定性逐步增大;各时段最大暴雨的分布为正偏态;各时段不同频率的最大暴雨的空间分布总体上与实测值有很好的一致性，但较之于实测值则具有较大的不稳定性。
中文关键词: 暴雨，不稳定性，频率，极值
Abstract:Based on the recording precipitation data in 1980-2002 at 12 meteorological stations over Hehuang valley of Qinghai Province, the spatial characteristic and its instability of different time as well as design heavy rainfall in various time interval and frequency over the valley is analyzed. The result shows that the maximum rainfall in various time interval over the valley appears increasing. With the delaying of precipitation time and increasing of rainfall, its tendency rate has been increasing while the periodic wave of interannual variation is becoming slowly, and the spatial distribution characteristic of maximum rainfall's average in each time interval is getting close to spatial distribution of annual precipitation, and topography has significant impact on the spatial distribution of the heavy rainfall. The maximum rainfall in 30 minutes is extremely instable. In the meantime, with the delaying of precipitation time interval, the stability of maximum rainfall is inclined to increasing. The distribution of maximum rainfall in each time interval appears skew, and the spatial distribution of maximum rainfall of different frequency in each time interval is generally consistent with observational data, but less instable than it.
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引用文本：
李林,王振宇,汪青春,秦宁生,2005.河湟谷地暴雨频率的研究[J].气象,31(8):37-41.
,2005.Study on Frequency of Heavy Rainfall Events over Hehuang Valley[J].Meteor Mon,31(8):37-41.
李林,王振宇,汪青春,秦宁生,2005.河湟谷地暴雨频率的研究[J].气象,31(8):37-41.
,2005.Study on Frequency of Heavy Rainfall Events over Hehuang Valley[J].Meteor Mon,31(8):37-41.