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气象:2005,31(4):35-38
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2004年我国天气气候特点
(国家气候中心,中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,北京 100081)
Characteristics of Weather and Climate in China during 2004
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中文摘要: 2004年,全国平均年降水量较常年偏少,且时空分布不均。春季至初夏,东北西部、内蒙古东部地区出现近50年来最严重的干旱;秋季,华南、长江中下游地区发生大范围的严重干旱。汛期,我国大江大河未发生大的流域性洪涝灾害,但局地性强降雨造成的暴雨洪涝和滑坡、泥石流等灾害比较频繁,四川、重庆、云南、河南、湖北、湖南等省市损失较重。全国年平均气温较常年明显偏高,但阶段性起伏变化较大,冬、春、秋季部分地区遭受低温冻害或雪灾,夏季南方出现持续高温天气。年内,有8个台风(热带风暴)登陆我国,其中台风“云娜”给浙江造成严重损失。雷雨大风、冰雹、雷击等局地强对流天气发生频繁。春季北方沙尘天气较上年同期增多。综合分析,2004年我国气候总体正常,气象灾害偏轻,属于偏好年景。
Abstract:As for 2004, the annual total precipitation mean by whole country is less than usually annual quantity and uneven in spatial and temporal distribution. From the spring to the beginning of the summer, the heaviest drought occurred in the area of the west of Northeast and the east of inner-Mongolia in 2004 of the last 50 years, while as to the autumn, the heaviest drought on a large scale occurred in the south of China and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. In the flood season, there was no heavy flood disaster in a valley scale in the main river of our country, but heavy rain, flood, surged slope, and mud-stone flow caused by locally heavy rain occurred very frequently. The loss caused by these disasters was serious in Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan provinces, and so on. Annual mean temperature on the whole country scale was on the obvious higher than usually annual mean temperature, but staggered undulation of temperature was obvious. Parts of area encountered low temperature disaster or snow disaster in the winter, the spring and the fall. The south maintained durative high temperature in the summer. Eight typhoons (tropical storm) landed in 2004. Thereinto, the typhoon named Yunna caused serious damage in Zhejiang Province. The locally strong convective weather such as thunder rain and heavy wind as well as hailstone and lightning strike occurred frequently. The dust weather increased compared with the corresponding period of last year. As a whole, the climate in 2004 is natural, and the meteorological disaster is less. In short, 2004 is a better meteorological year.
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引用文本:
徐良炎,姜允迪,2005.2004年我国天气气候特点[J].气象,31(4):35-38.
,2005.Characteristics of Weather and Climate in China during 2004[J].Meteor Mon,31(4):35-38.