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中文摘要: 分析表明，海南岛冬半年日际气温的变化幅度很大，平均气温很难表征海南岛冬季“冷”的气候特征。从冬季农作物生长角度出发，统计了海南岛（以海口为例）发生低温冷害的气候概率，提出海南岛存在“相对的冬季”。进一步，引进“冷指数”替代平均气温来表征海南岛冬季的“冷”。对冷指数的主成分分析表明：①以五指山脉为界，海南岛南、北两区在冬季存在明显的冷暖差异，山北地区发生低温冷害的气候概率明显大于山南地区，这正是五指山脉对冷空气的抬升、阻挡作用造成的；②自60年代以来，山北地区在冷冬年里，重、中度低温冷害的发生概率为100％
中文关键词: 海南岛，冬季，低温冷害，冷指数，主成分分析
Abstract:Analyses shows that the mean monthly temperature can't describe the chilling climatic characteristics in winter of Hainan because of the big interdiurnal temperature variation. Based on the growing conditions of crops, the climatic probability of chilling damage appeared on Hainan island (example Haikou) was calculated and it was put forward that there are relative winters in Hainan. Further, the cold index was introduced instead of the mean temperature to desciribe the chilling characteristics in Hainan's winter. The PCA expressed that there is obviously difference of chilling in winter between North and South of Hainan island divided by the Wuzhi mountain which lifts and detains the cold air to go southward. It also indicates that the appearing probability of the heave and middle degree chilling damage is 100% in the cold winter and the appearing probability of the heave degree chilling damage is 100% in the extreme cold winter from 1960s. Analyses on the 500 hPa circulation of the extreme cold winter indicates that it would be the extreme cold winter in Hainan island when the polar vortex lied on the shore of Arctic Ocean of the eastern Siberian.
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引用文本：
陈敏,陈晖,1999.海南岛冬季低温冷害的气候特征[J].气象,25(3):39-43.
,1999.Climatic Characteristics Analyses on the Chilling Damage in Hainan Island[J].Meteor Mon,25(3):39-43.
陈敏,陈晖,1999.海南岛冬季低温冷害的气候特征[J].气象,25(3):39-43.
,1999.Climatic Characteristics Analyses on the Chilling Damage in Hainan Island[J].Meteor Mon,25(3):39-43.