Abstract:Based on the precipitation process of strong convective clouds in Xinjiang from 2015 to 2021 and the corresponding NPP/VIIRS satellite data, the microphysical characteristics of hail clouds and deep convective clouds were quantitatively analyzed by using the satellite cloud microphysical inversion technology, and the differences in the microphysical parameters of hail clouds in northern and southern Xinjiang were compared. The results show that:(1) the crystallization temperature of hail cloud (-34 ℃) is lower than that of deep convective cloud (-30.5 ℃), the height of deep convective cloud top is higher, and the hail cloud top has anvil structure; (2) Hail mostly occurs in June and July in northern Xinjiang, and mainly occurs in May and July in southern Xinjiang. Hail time is mainly distributed from 15:00-20:00. Hail in southern Xinjiang occurs in the early morning and early morning, accounting for more than that in northern Xinjiang; The mean duration of hail in northern and southern Xinjiang is 12.60 min and 12.27 min, and the mean maximum diameter of hail is 13.53 mm and 12.80 mm, respectively. The hail cloud top in northern Xinjiang is higher, the duration of hail is longer, the diameter of hail is larger, and the freezing temperature is lower than that in southern Xinjiang; (3) The mean cloud bottom temperature and cloud bottom height of hail in northern and southern Xinjiang are 5.15 ℃, 1.96 km and 4.85 ℃, 2.19 km respectively. The cloud bottom temperature in northern Xinjiang is warmer than that in southern Xinjiang, and the cloud bottom height is lower than that in southern Xinjiang; The rising speed of cloud base in South Xinjiang (2.07 m/s) is 1.13 times that in North Xinjiang (1.84 m/s), and the average thickness of hail cloud in North Xinjiang (8.90 km) is 1.25% greater than that in South Xinjiang (8.78 km); Influenced by human activities, industrial pollution and other factors, the mean concentration of condensation nuclei at the bottom of hail cloud in northern Xinjiang (396/cm3) is 65% higher than that in southern Xinjiang (240/cm3), which is dominated by agriculture. The mean maximum supersaturation of hail cloud bottom is 0.55% and 0.85% respectively. (4) Affected by the strong updraft, the growth time of hail cloud particles is short, and each growth zone develops slowly, and there is no rain embryo formation zone. Targeted seeding of hygroscopic nuclei in the middle and lower layers of the cloud in advance will promote the formation of precipitation at the bottom of the cloud as soon as possible, and excessive seeding of AgI ice nuclei near the 0 ℃ layer will compete for the supercooled water in the cloud, which can achieve the goal of increasing rain and preventing hail.