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投稿时间：2025-11-14 修订日期：2026-06-23
投稿时间：2025-11-14 修订日期：2026-06-23
中文摘要: 经过长期不懈的大气污染治理,我国的酸雨污染形势大幅改善的同时,伴随大气致酸污染物构成的变化,我国酸雨的成因及特征也发生着深刻的变化,为深入了解我国典型北方地区酸雨污染的新变化特点,本文在对泰山1993—2021年间和泰安站2007—2021年间降水pH值和电导率资料进行统计分析的基础上,于2018年5月—2019年4月在该两个站点开展了同步降水化学加强观测,分析云下过程和远距离输送对泰山地区酸性降水的贡献,并结合以上两站的早期研究结果进行综合分析,探讨近年来我国华北地区酸雨形势及其成因的新变化特征。结果表明,1993—2021年泰山地区的降水pH年均值在4.36～6.47之间变化,2007—2021年泰安站在5.07～6.39之间变化。2011年以来由于我国的SO2和NOX排放量逐年递减,泰山地区降水pH值持续上升并保持较高水平、电导率呈现持续下降趋势。2018年5月至2019年4月获得的降水样品的离子成分分析结果显示,SO42-、NO3-是降水中主要阴离子,NH4+和Ca2+是主要阳离子。降水的SO42-、NO3-的化学当量平均比值约为1.21,比早期观测结果明显降低,氮氧化物对酸性降水的影响提升。云下冲刷过程使得泰安站降水中离子成分浓度高于泰山站。泰山地区的酸性降水主要受山东省和周边省份影响。泰山站和泰安站降水酸度与大气污染物排放密切相关,泰安站受云下冲刷过程影响逐步减小,泰山站还受远距离输送影响。
中文关键词: 泰山，降水化学，酸雨，趋势，长距离输送
Abstract:After long-term unremitting air pollution control, acid rain pollution situation in China has been significantly improved with the composition of atmospheric acid-causing pollutants changed. The causes and characteristics of acid rain in China are also undergoing profound changes. In order to understand the new characteristics of acid rain pollution in typical northern regions of China, based on the statistical analysis of precipitation pH and conductivity at Mt.Tai from 1993 to 2021 and at Tai"an Station from 2007 to 2021, this paper carried out synchronous precipitation chemical enhanced observations at the two stations from May 2018 to April 2019. The contributions of below-cloud processes and long-distance transport to precipitation acidification in the Taishan area were analyzed, combined with the early research results. The results show that the annual average value of precipitation pH in Mt.Tai varies from 4.36 to 6.47, and that in Tai"an Station are from 5.07 to 6.39. Since 2011, due to the incrementally decrease in SO2 and NOX emissions in China, the precipitation pH value has continued to rise and remain at a high level, and the conductivity has shown a continuous downward trend. The analysis results of ion components of precipitation samples obtained from May 2018 to April 2019 show that SO42- and NO3- are the main anions in precipitation, and NH4+ and Ca2+ are the main cations. The average chemical equivalent ratio of SO42- and NO3- in precipitation is about 1.21, which is significantly lower than the early observation results, indicating the increased influence of nitrogen oxides on acid precipitation. The below-cloud washing process leads the concentration of ion components in precipitation at Tai"an Station higher than that at Mt.Tai. The acid precipitation in the Taishan area is mainly affected by Shandong Province and surrounding provinces. The precipitation acidity at Mt.Tai and Tai"an Station is closely related to atmospheric pollutant emissions. The influence of below-cloud washing process on Tai"an Station is gradually decreasing, and? Mt.Tai is also affected by long-distance transport.
文章编号：202511140307 中图分类号： 文献标志码：
基金项目:中国气象局大气化学重点开放实验室2024年开放课题2024B03
| 作者 | 单位 | 地址 |
| 贾小芳 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | 北京市海淀区中关村南大街46号中国气象局气象探测中心 |
| 汤洁* | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | |
| 张本志 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | |
| 陈怡羽 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | |
| 尹祥坤 | 山东省泰山气象站 | |
| 刘明 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 |
| Author Name | Affiliation | Address |
| jiaxiaofang | Meteorological Observation Centre,China Meteorological Administration | 北京市海淀区中关村南大街46号中国气象局气象探测中心 |
| tangjie | ||
| ZHANG Benzhi | ||
| CHEN Yiyu | ||
| YIN Xiangkun | ||
| liu ming |
引用文本：
jiaxiaofang,tangjie,ZHANG Benzhi,CHEN Yiyu,YIN Xiangkun,liu ming,0.The Long-term Variation Characteristics of Precipitation Acidity and Ion Components in the Taishan Region[J].Meteor Mon,():-.
jiaxiaofang,tangjie,ZHANG Benzhi,CHEN Yiyu,YIN Xiangkun,liu ming,0.The Long-term Variation Characteristics of Precipitation Acidity and Ion Components in the Taishan Region[J].Meteor Mon,():-.
jiaxiaofang,tangjie,ZHANG Benzhi,CHEN Yiyu,YIN Xiangkun,liu ming,0.The Long-term Variation Characteristics of Precipitation Acidity and Ion Components in the Taishan Region[J].Meteor Mon,():-.
jiaxiaofang,tangjie,ZHANG Benzhi,CHEN Yiyu,YIN Xiangkun,liu ming,0.The Long-term Variation Characteristics of Precipitation Acidity and Ion Components in the Taishan Region[J].Meteor Mon,():-.